Russian Orbital Service Station

ROS

Mission Profile

Russian Orbital Service Station (ROSS) is Russia's planned independent space station to succeed its participation in the ISS program, currently in development with a targeted first module launch in the late 2020s aboard an Angara A5 rocket. ROSS would initially consist of two modules and gradually expand to four to six modules hosting up to four crew members on periodic rotation missions using the Soyuz and future Orel crewed spacecraft. Russia plans to position ROSS in a higher-inclination orbit than the ISS to improve coverage of Russian territory, and the station is intended to serve as a staging point for lunar exploration missions. ROSS faces significant funding uncertainty and schedule risks given the pressures on Russia's space budget, and as of 2026 has not yet achieved hardware development milestones.