Shtil'

RSM-54 Shtil SS-N-23 Skiff (NATO) R-29RM (SLBM)

Mission Profile

Shtil' (RSM-54, NATO designation SS-N-23 Skiff) is a Russian submarine-launched ballistic missile adapted for commercial small satellite launches, converting nuclear deterrent hardware into an unconventional orbital delivery system. Measuring 14.8 meters in length and weighing 40,000 kg, it can deliver up to 100 kg to low Earth orbit when launched from a submerged Delta IV-class submarine. Making its orbital debut in July 1998, the Shtil' pioneered the concept of SLBM-based space launch, offering a novel and extremely low-cost access to orbit for lightweight payloads. Though operationally limited by the need for submarine coordination and small payload capacity, it demonstrated the remarkable potential of surplus Cold War military hardware for commercial space applications.